8/23/2023 0 Comments Jing zhang apple![]() To date, a number of genes have been reported to play positive or negative roles in apple drought resistance. Researchers have long sought to increase the drought resistance of apple trees using molecular tools, such as genetic transformation and QTL mapping of loci associated with water use efficiency 10, 11, 12, 13, 14. In addition to these functions, SE has a role in microRNA (miRNA) biogenesis 7, 8, and previous studies report that SE and Hyponastic Leaves1 (HYL1) form a complex with DICER1 to achieve efficient and precise processing of pri-miRNAs 9.ĭrought stress is a major limiting factor that affects the yield and quality of apple. Moreover, label-free quantitative proteomic analysis has revealed that SE is regulated by abscisic acid (ABA) under flooding stress 6. SE also functions in intron splicing and the transcription of intronless genes by pausing and elongating polymerase II complexes to promote their association with these intronless target genes 4, 5. ![]() Other genes with alternative splicing affected by SE encode transcription factors, splicing factors, and stress-related proteins 3. Moreover, SE influences the alternative splicing of pre-mRNAs that primarily affect the selection of alternative 5′ splice sites of first introns 3. Encoding a C 2H 2 zinc-finger protein, SE is required for normal shoot development 2. Serrate (SE) in Arabidopsis is a conserved eukaryotic RNA processing factor that was first reported to mediate the formation of early juvenile leaves and phase length 1. Taken together, by revealing the negative role of MdSE, our results broaden our understanding of the apple drought response and provide a candidate gene for apple drought improvement through molecular breeding. In addition, under drought stress, MdSE is responsible for the biogenesis of mdm-miR399, a negative regulator of drought resistance, and negatively regulates miRNAs, including mdm-miR156, mdm-miR166, mdm-miR172, and mdm-miR319, which are positive regulators of drought resistance. Consistently, MdSE RNAi transgenic plants are more sensitive to ABA-induced stomatal closure, whereas MdSE OE plants are less sensitive. Furthermore, MdSE is enriched in the same region of the MdNECD3 promoter where MdMYB88/MdMYB124 binds. MdSE decreases the transcript and protein levels of MdMYB88 and MdMYB124, which directly regulate the expression of MdNCED3, a key enzyme in abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis. ![]() MdSE interacts with MdMYB88 and MdMYB124, two positive regulators of apple drought resistance. In this study, we report that MdSE acts as a negative regulator of apple ( Malus × domestica) drought resistance by regulating the expression levels of MdMYB88 and MdMYB124 and miRNAs, including mdm-miR156, mdm-miR166, mdm-miR172, mdm-miR319, and mdm-miR399. The function of serrate (SE) in miRNA biogenesis in Arabidopsis is well elucidated, whereas its role in plant drought resistance is largely unknown.
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